The cover or dome is responsible for isolating the baby and creating a barrier between the external environment and the microenvironment generated by the incubator This means that it protects it from situations such as drafts, low temperatures, among others. For its part, the chassis contains the power source and the sensors that alert in case of failure, for the protection of the newborn. The cupola is essential to maintain the necessary means for the neonate. Two fundamental components of a neonatal incubator are the dome and the chassis. It is important to note that each of the mechanical and physical components that make up the incubator, as well as the sensors that measure the different variables, must be synchronized and in perfect working order so that the neonate’s microenvironment is not altered. Today, neonatal incubators can be found in virtually every hospital and clinic these are becoming safer and easier to control by medical personnel. Gradually, work has been done to improve aspects such as design, security, precise control of variables, among others For this reason, in recent years, Biomedical Engineering has focused on the development of technology for these incubators, so that each newborn has a better chance of surviving and its development is optimal, at the same time that healthcare personnel are able to manage relatively simple of medical variables. As the incubator became the main means for the care of newborns, a great demand for it arose in the health sector. Its design was simple, although its handling was complex for medical personnel, which implied a lot of attention and constant checking. Initially, the incubators only met the basic needs of the newborns, by controlling variables such as temperature, humidity and luminosity. What is the purpose of a neonatal incubator? This team arose due to the constant deliveries of premature babies, which, without an adequate means that will simulate their mother’s womb, were at risk of dying. Incubator humidity of 60% to 70% in the first week of life was effective in preventing TEWL in infants born 26 weeks or more.įuture incubator humidity research is needed for infants born before 26 weeks.Video Abstract available at.Ĭopyright © 2020 by The National Association of Neonatal Nurses.A neonatal incubator is a medical device used mainly to generate an environment in which different variables important for the development of newborns are controlled. Unnecessary TEWL was prevented by lowering high levels of incubator humidity after the first week of life, improving skin barrier formation. Microbial growth was increased in high levels of incubator humidity. The evidence demonstrated that the practice of incubator humidity is warranted however, it does not come without risks. Evidence was classified using the Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice levels and quality of evidence. Mefford's theory of health promotion for the preterm infant was used to address the wholeness of the preterm infant's body system. The foundation of this systematic review was the Joanna Briggs Institute method for systematic reviews. The primary aim of this study was to determine how patient outcomes were impacted by incubator humidity levels and duration in premature infants born before 320/7 weeks cared for in the NICU. The purpose of this systematic review was to appraise and synthesize the evidence of preterm outcomes related to incubator humidity. Evidence synthesis was needed to identify optimal incubator humidity levels and duration to decrease transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and the potential for infection. Numerous scholars have reported that inconsistent levels of incubator humidity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) require attention.
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